What Causes Mortgage Interest Rates to Change?

Every time "The Fed" raises or lowers their rates, I getgain investor dollars, and the stock market will lose
calls as a mortgage broker because clients think theirthose investment dollars. Conversely, when stock are
mortgage interest rate is going to be affected. This isgoing great, people will put their money into stocks
not necessarily true, as I will explain in this article.versus bonds.
The Fed rate is basically a statistic that offers banksIn order, then, for those mortgage-backed bonds to
an ability to borrow, overnight usually, from their localattract investment dollars, they will have to offer higher
Federal Reserve Bank, money to meet minimuminvestment return rates. That means those mortgages
reserve requirements. The Federal Reserve Boardthey buy from lenders will have to have higher interest
meets regularly and adjusts this rate to "tweak"rates.
economic growth in America.And this is what really drives mortgage interest rates
If the Fed thinks inflation is oncoming they will raise thisfrom day to day.
rate to reduce the money supply. Conversely, if theyAnyone can log onto Yahoo or dozens of other sites
believe recession is looming, they may lower this rate.and see a rate for a 30-year fixed rate mortgage. But
Certainly, inflation and recession do have an effectunderstand this, those rates are just an average. From
upon mortgage rates, eventually. But not directly noracross the country, from many different lenders.
immediately.Lenders use a broad spectrum of criteria to set the
When a bank makes you a loan to buy or refinance arate on each mortgage loan they do. Some lenders
home, they then turn around and re-sell that loan, oftenare not lending at all in certain areas of the country,
to a quasi-government agency such as FNMA -because of falling property values in that area, high
"Fannie Mae" or GNMA - "Ginnie Mae" and then usedefault rates, etc. If they do lend there, they will raise
those funds received to continue making more loans. Ittheir rate because of the increased risk.
is a cyclical process.Then there are criteria for each client they look at.
Those agencies, known as the "secondary lenderCredit score. Loan-to-Value ratio. Debt-to-Income ratio.
market", obtain funds to buy these loans from lendersSo don't go on Yahoo, see the "current" rate for a
by selling bonds known as mortgage-backed securities.fixed rate 30 year mortgage is 5.9% and expect to
They package billions of dollars of individual mortgagesnecessarily get that rate on the loan you apply for.
into a single security that is sold as a bondEvery loan is really a unique story, and this is where a
Bonds are usually secure investments and people andcertified mortgage planner can come in as a valued
institutions will invest in them, but those investments aretrusted advisor and guide you through the maze.
in constant competition with the stock market forAnd it is a maze that changes every day, even
investment dollars.several times a day!
When bonds are offering high interest rates, they will