How To Use Your Home Equity Wisely

Americans saw the value of their homes jump andifficult to squeeze in credit-line repayments now, you
average of 13 percent over the past year, accordingmay risk missing some repayments altogether when
to the Office of Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight.interest rates go up.
This has made it easier than ever for manyAlso, depending on the terms of your particular
homeowners to qualify for a home equity loan or lineHELOC, you may be required to pay only the interest
of credit.accrued each month. On the upside, this means your
With their low interest rates, these secured forms ofminimum payments will be low during the interest-only
credit can be your most effective way to borrowperiod. On the downside, you will not be rebuilding any
money. Plus, loans of up to $100,000 often offer theof that valuable home equity you've just borrowed
added benefit of being tax deductible (check with youragainst.
tax advisor). But it's important to choose the rightWhen the interest-only period ends, you will be faced
home equity loan for your needs and to use it wisely.with one of two scenarios. You may be required to
Smart Borrowingbegin paying back the loan principal (the original amount
Financing a renovation that will add value to youryou borrowed). That means your monthly payments
home, such as a new kitchen or a second bathroom,will increase, and if you don't have enough cash
or helping with your child's college tuition, are validcoming in to cover those larger payments, you could
reasons to borrow on the strength of your homebe in trouble. Or you may be facing what's called a
equity. This is especially true since the borrowing costsballoon payment, meaning you must pay the entire
are generally much less expensive than debt that isoutstanding balance of your HELOC in full.
not secured by collateral.Always try to pay more than the minimum each
By the same token, shifting hefty balances you owemonth, so you are constantly chipping away at your
on credit cards to a home equity loan can be a goodloan principal.
move. Your credit cards are likely charging annualHome Equity Loan
interest of 13 percent or more, so consolidating thatA home equity loan has a fixed interest rate. You
debt with a home equity loan can easily slash yourreceive the full amount of the loan in a lump sum,
borrowing costs in half.which makes it a good choice for large, one-shot
Remember though, the idea is to eliminate your debt,expenses, such as a home renovation or debt
not make room for more of it.consolidation. And because you must pay it back in
A home equity loan isn't free money. At the end of theregular increments over a specified period of time --
day, your home is what's backing the loan. So if youoften 10 to 15 years -- a home equity loan offers a
miss payments, the lender could take possession ofmeasure of built-in discipline for those who may be
your home.tempted to use the "interest-only" payment option
There are also important differences between a homeoffered by some HELOCs.
equity line of credit and a home equity loan --At the end of the repayment schedule, a home equity
differences that can help you determine which is aloan will be repaid in full.
better choice for you.Loan-to-value ratio The general rule is you can borrow
Home Equity Line of Credit75 to 80 percent of your home's current appraised
A home equity line of credit (HELOC) allows you tovalue, minus what you owe on your first mortgage.
use as much or as little of your pre-approved limit asThis is called the loan-to-value ratio (LTV). For
you like. Plus, you are charged interest only on theexample, if your home is worth $200,000 and you owe
portion of credit you are currently using, which keeps$100,000 on your current mortgage, you could borrow
borrowing costs low. The rate of interest floats slightlyan additional $60,000 and still be within an LTV of 80
above the prime rate.percent. Staying within the sensible 75 to 80 percent
This flexibility is helpful if you're looking to do a series ofrange will help you avoid repayment problems down
small home renovations over a long period of time, orthe road. However, some lenders have begun to offer
perhaps finance the start-up of a home-baseda "high-LTV" option in which you can borrow up to 125
business.percent of your home's equity. Beware: If you decide
* The advantage: If the prime rate decreases, yourto move because of a job transfer or other reasons,
cost of borrowing will become cheaper, and interestthe sale of your home may not provide you with
rates are still very low compared to previous decades.enough money to pay off both your mortgage and the
* The disadvantage: If the prime rate increases, youroutstanding home equity loan.
borrowing costs will increase as well. If you find itBorrowing conservatively is always wise.